There are 3 critical differences between Bigtable and BigQuery:
1. Bigtable is an OLTP (online transactional processing) system. BigQuery is a business intelligence/OLAP (online analytical processing) system.
2. Bigtable is a NoSQL database service. BigQuery is more of a hybrid; it uses SQL dialects and is based on Google’s internal column-based data processing technology, "Dremel.”
3. Bigtable is mutable and has a fast key-based lookup. BigQuery is immutable and has a slow key-based lookup.